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Cirrhosis - Cirrhosis of the liver

On this page:


* Causes * Symptoms * Complications of Cirrhosis


* Diagnosis * Treatment
* Per maggiori informazioni


Il fegato, il più grande organo del corpo, è essenziale per mantenere il corpo correttamente funzionante. Elimina o neutralizza i veleni dal sangue, produce agenti immunitari per controllare le infezioni e rimuove germi e batteri dal sangue. Questo produce le proteine che regolano la coagulazione del sangue inoltre aiuta ad assorbire i grassi e le vitamine liposolubili. Non si può vivere senza che il fegato funzioni.

La cirrosi epatica, sostituisce il normale tessuto cicatriziale, tessuto sano, bloccando il flusso del sangue attraverso l'organismo. La cirrosi epatica è la dodicesima principale causa di morte per malattia: essa infatti uccide circa 26000 persone ogni anno. Inoltre, il costo della cirrosi, in termini di sofferenza umana, gli alti costi dell'ospedale e la perdita di produttività, sono elevati.

Cause:

La Cirrosi ha molte cause. In genere, l'alcolismo ed epatite cronica C sono le più comuni.

Cirrosi epatica da alcool . Per molte persone, la cirrosi del fegato è sinonimo di alcolismo cronico, ma in realtà, l'alcolismo è solo una delle cause. La Cirrosi alcolica generalmente si sviluppa dopo più di un decennio di forti bevute. La quantità di alcol che può danneggiare il fegato varia molto da persona a persona. Nelle donne, anche a partire da due o tre bicchieri al giorno e negli men of three or four drinks per day. Alcohol appears to damage the liver by blocking the normal metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

chronic hepatitis C. The hepatitis C virus and alcohol together is a major cause of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Infection with this virus causes low-grade inflammation and liver damage, which over decades can lead to cirrhosis.

Chronic hepatitis B and D. The hepatitis B virus is probably the most common cause of cirrhosis worldwide. Hepatitis B, like hepatitis C, causes inflammation of the liver and in the medium term can lead to cirrhosis. Hepatitis D is a virus that infects the liver, but only to people who already have hepatitis B.

autoimmune hepatitis. This disease appears to be caused by the immune system attacks the liver causing inflammation, damage, and eventually scarring and cirrhosis.

hereditary diseases. Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, hemochromatosis, Wilson disease, galactosemia, and glycogen storage diseases are among the inherited diseases that affect the way the liver produces, processes and stores enzymes, proteins, metals and other substances that the body needs to function properly.

Nonalcoolica Steatohepatitis (NASH). In NASH fat accumulates in the liver and eventually causes scar tissue. This type of hepatitis appears to be associated with diabetes, protein malnutrition, obesity, coronary disease, treatment with corticosteroids and drugs.

Dotti blocked bile. When the ducts of the liver that carry bile out are blocked, bile it produces liver damage and tissue. In babies, blocked ducts are the most common cause of biliary atresia, a disease in which the ducts are damaged. In adults, the most common cause is primary biliary cirrhosis, a disease in which the duct becomes inflamed, blocked and damaged. The secondary biliary cirrhosis can happen after surgery.

drugs, toxins, and infection. Severe reactions to prescription drugs, prolonged exposure to environmental toxins, parasitic infections and repeated bouts of heart failure with liver congestion can all lead to cirrhosis.


Symptoms:

Many people with cirrhosis have no symptoms in the early stages of the disease. However, when scar tissue replaces healthy cells, liver function begins to fail and a person may experience the following symptoms: * Exhaustion





* Fatigue * Loss of appetite * Nausea


* Weakness *


Weight Loss



* Abdominal pain * Spider-like blood vessels (spider angiomas) that develop on the skin

The progression of the disease can develop complications. In some people, the states mentioned above may be the first signs of the disease.

Complications of Cirrhosis:

The loss of liver function affects the body in many ways. In the following are the common problems or complications, caused by cirrhosis.

edema and ascites. When the liver loses its ability to make the protein albumin, water accumulates in the legs (edema) and in the abdomen (ascites).

bruising and bleeding. When the liver slows or stops the production of proteins needed for blood clotting, a person bleed easily. The palms of the hands may be reddish and unveils rashes.

Jaundice. Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin and eyes that occurs when people with liver does not absorb enough bilirubin.

Itching. were deposited products of bile and this can cause intense itching.

gallstones. Gallstones can develop.

toxins in the blood or brain. A damaged liver is unable to eliminate toxins from the blood, leading to their accumulation in the blood and ultimately in the brain. There, toxins can cause mental functioning and cause personality changes, coma and even death. The signs of toxin accumulation in the brain can be seen from neglecting personal appearance, reacting slowly to stimuli, forgetting things, having difficulty concentrating or changes in sleep habits.

sensitivity to drugs. cirrhosis of the liver slows down the ability to filter medications from the blood. The liver does not remove the drugs from blood into normal rhythm, so they act longer than expected. This means that a person is more sensitive to drugs and their side effects.

Ipertensione portale. Normalmente, il sangue gli intestini ed alla milza è portato al fegato attraverso la vena porta. La Cirrosi rallenta il normale flusso del sangue attraverso la vena porta, che aumenta la pressione al suo interno. Questa condizione è chiamata ipertensione portale.

Varici. Quando il flusso di sangue attraverso la vena porta rallenta, il sangue dagli intestini e dalla milza ritorna nei vasi sanguigni, nell'esofago e nello stomaco. Questi vasi sanguigni possono allargarsi perché non sono destinati a portare questo surplus di sangue. I vasi sanguigni allargati sono chiamati varici, hanno pareti sottili e per l'alta pressione e quindi sono più propensi allo scoppio. Se scoppiano, the result is a serious problem of bleeding gastric and upper esophagus that requires immediate medical attention.

insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Cirrhosis causes resistance to insulin. This hormone, produced by the pancreas, enables blood glucose to be used as energy by cells of the body. If you have insulin resistance, muscle, fat, and liver cells do not use insulin properly. The pancreas tries to keep pace with the demand for insulin to be produced in greater quantities. Finally, the pancreas is unable to keep pace with the body on the need for insulin and type 2 diabetes develops as excess glucosio che si accumula nel sangue.

Il cancro al fegato. Il Carcinoma epatocellulare, un tipo di cancro del fegato comunemente causato da cirrosi, inizia nel fegato stesso. Esso ha un alto tasso di mortalità.

Problemi in altri organi. La Cirrosi epatica può causare disfunzione del sistema immunitario che porta alle infezioni. Fluido e addominale (ascite), può essere infettato con batteri normalmente presenti a livello intestinale. La Cirrosi epatica può anche portare ad impotenza, disfunzione renale ed infine all'osteoporosi.

Diagnosi

Il medico può diagnosticare la cirrosi, sulla base dei sintomi, esami di laboratorio, medical history and physical examination. For example, during a physical exam, your doctor may notice that the liver feels harder or larger than usual and the blood tests that can show if there is a liver disease.

If you need to check for signs of disease in the liver, the doctor may order a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanning, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or a scan of the liver using a radioisotope (a 'harmless radioactive substance that highlights the liver). Or your doctor may look at the liver using a laparoscope, an instrument that is inserted through the abdomen and images display on a computer screen.

A liver biopsy confirms the diagnosis. For a biopsy, the doctor uses a needle and takes a small sample of liver tissue, then examines it under a microscope to see scars or other signs of the disease.

Treatment

damage from cirrhosis can not be canceled but treatment can stop or delay further progression and reduce complications. Treatment depends on the cause of cirrhosis and complications that a person is experiencing. For example, cirrhosis caused by alcohol abuse is treated by abstaining from alcohol. Treatments for liver cirrhosis associated involve the use di farmaci usati per trattare i diversi tipi di epatite, come l'interferone per l'epatite virale e corticosteroidi per epatite autoimmune. Cirrosi epatica causata da malattia di Wilson, in cui si accumula rame negli organi, si tratta con farmaci per eliminare il rame. Questi sono solo alcuni esempi di trattamento per cirrosi. In tutti i casi, indipendentemente dalla causa, una dieta sana e l'astensione dall'alcool sono essenziali perché il corpo ha bisogno di tutte le sostanze nutritive che può ottenere. La luce e l'attività fisica possono contribuire a fermare o ritardare la cirrosi.

I trattamenti comprendono anche i rimedi per le complicazioni. Per esempio, per ascite e edema, il medico può raccomandare una dieta a basso tasso sodium or the use of diuretics, which are drugs that remove fluid from the body. Antibiotics will be prescribed for infections, and various medications can help control itching. Your doctor may also prescribe laxatives to help absorb toxins and remove them from the gut.

For portal hypertension, your doctor may prescribe a medicine for blood pressure, as a beta-blocker. If varices bleed, the doctor may inject a coagulant or perform a rubber-band ligation, which uses a special device to compress the varices and stop the bleeding.

When complications can not be controlled or when the liver becomes so damaged from scarring, arresting completamente il suo funzionamento, un trapianto di fegato è necessario. In un intervento chirurgico di trapianto di fegato, un fegato malato viene rimosso e sostituito con uno sano da un donatore di organi. Circa l'80/90 per cento dei pazienti sopravvivono al trapianto di fegato. I tassi di sopravvivenza sono migliorati nel corso degli ultimi anni a causa dei farmaci, come ciclosporina e tacrolimus, che deprimono il sistema immunitario e lo trattengono dall'attaccare e danneggiare il nuovo fegato.

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Welcome to the Blog of STUDIO VAL TORTA

Hello, Tamara and Susan
we study and manage the Val Torta.
The study provides: the Service hairdresser for men and women, Nailstudio , LPG massage, pedicure and Cosmetics . We are also point-product sales Phiten that can enhance the functionality of your muscles. (Click on the link Phiten).

Tel: +41 81 834 03 04 Mail: tgiovanoli@bluewin.ch

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For Au in the canton of St. Gallen, I did an apprenticeship hairdressing for men and women. My local hairdresser is used as a small two-seater. It is located in the building owned by the town, directly south of the main road entrance to the village of Vicosoprano, where he also found ample free parking.

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Una PEDICURE attenta e curata può aiutare infatti ad eliminare gli inestetismi, rendendoli più belli e affascinati.
Camminano, corrono, saltano e ballano; i nostri piedi reggono quotidianamente tutto il peso di un corpo in continuo movimento, per questo bisognerebbe averne particolare cura. Spesso costretti a piegarsi, ma soprattutto a stringersi, in scarpe dalle fogge sempre più azzardate, i nostri piedi sognano il profumo dell'erba e il tepore della sabbia; would be advisable, as very healthy, grant to our ultimate sacrifice a little 'breathing ... but who has the time nor the ability to walk each day barefoot in the grass or on the beach?
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Summary MASSAGE LPG:
There is finally an exclusive technique and innovative, which guarantees the elimination of cellulite and helps reshape the body effectively and safely. The cellulite treatment, practiced with a single medical equipment and high technology, is a mild extraction technique of skin, rolling and rolling, can restore the vascular blood supply. Through this exercise the skin, allowing the restructuring of the connective tissue, cellulite treatment raises the blood and lymphatic circulation, facilitating the elimination of toxins. It also allows you to trigger a natural process of elimination of the overload fat, toning and firming the skin at the same time. The process is completely normal and does not require any invasive procedure and any chemicals. It is only to restore and reactivate the body's functions, in effect, the prerogative dell'endermologia is the safety and the ability to extend the treatment to any patient. During the sessions, each about 35/45 minutes once or twice a week, the / the patient wears a swimsuit special. The treatment will be concentrated in areas most affected by blemishing, without implying a decrease in the volume where none would be appreciated, more precisely on the face and breasts. In addition to the numerous therapeutic and aesthetic benefits, the cellulite treatment, due to its action relaxing and calming, gives an anti-stress effect is undeniable. There are no age limits for their treatment and their characteristics is to combat the effects of the passage of time. The primary responsibility, in effect, is that over the years circulatory problems tend to worsen, the imperfections of cellulite becomes chronic and the skin loses its natural elasticity and firmness, even the first wrinkles appear on the face and create excess fat, Because of the double chin and cheeks drooping. The cellulite treatment, encouraging the local microcirculation, restores the tropism of the connective tissue and improve the look and tone of the tissues. Applied to the face, the treatment helps to diminish wrinkles and reduce localized volumes, while toning the tissues in a natural way. The high technology of Cellu M6 Keymodule allows to achieve a delicate tissue mechanization and targeted mainly at the level of fat, which allows for a very special gymnastics skin, called Endermologie, which allows you to harmonize the connective tissue and stimulate blood circulation and lymphatic . It is effective on: cellulite, toning and edema

Before treatment:









results after 25 sessions of LPG:

technique or LPG cellulite treatment has existed for over 10 years and is practiced throughout the world.Omega 'high technology allows the LPG therapist to achieve a delicate tissue mechanization and targeted especially at the level of fat cells, hypodermis. This cutaneous gymnastics consists of a slight suction technique of skin, rolling and unrolling, which can restore the vascular blood supply and thus raises the blood and lymphatic circulation, facilitating the elimination of toxins by facilitating metabolic exchange, toning and firming the skin at the time itself. What serveIndicata as a preventive and curative for all age groups, is particularly useful against the effects of time and cellulite. Over the years, circulatory problems tend to increase, gradually relax the tissues and cells with the appearance of orange peel is estende.Mobilizzando tissue and increasing local microcirculation, the LPG technique allows to restore the tropism of connective, and thus to improve the look and tone of the tissues, gradually reshaping the silhouette. It also produces a remarkable calming effect and stress. How do I use them
sessions of 45 minutes, initially bi-weekly, provide for the treatment of the whole body and the wearing di una tutina personale, per conservare la delicatezza e la fluidità delle manovre.I risultati apprezzabili e l'efficacia di tale tecnica sono stati convalidati da studi scientifici condotti presso importanti università americane ed europee. E' espressamente utile in associazione a regimi alimentari ipocalorici o dopo liposuzioni. RisultatiUn corpo più armonioso, una pelle più tonica e vellutata, senza interventi invasivi o somministrazione di sostanze chimiche. Le funzioni dell'organismo e della pelle vengono naturalmente ripristinate.

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COME RICONOSCERE LA CELLULITE
Spesso si associa adiposità cioè sovrappeso a cellulite mentre nella realtà i due problemi hanno origini, sintomatologie e cure profondamente diverse e non sempre esiste concomitanza di entrambi nella stessa persona. Non è detto infatti che donne magre vengano risparmiate dalla cellulite. L’adiposità è costituita da tessuto sano, elastico la cui circolazione sanguigna, al contrario della cellulite, è ben funzionante, ed aumenta o diminuisce a seconda del weight of our body. Cellulite other hand, is a skin condition that affects more than 90% of women, due to impaired capillary circulation which leads to fluid retention, an enlarged fat cells and connective tissue. This process also tends to worsen with age. Clinically manifested by a swelling of the subcutaneous fat lobules. These lobules and fluid trapped in the middle of the skin tend to push that exerts a pull on the connective tissue that holds it anchored to the deep layers and then giving that aspect to "orange peel" typical real disease is the result of a ' alteration vein with water retention and so to speak life to himself, suffers low swing weight. This stage is self-holds the imperfection due to insufficient blood supply of the area concerned, with stagnation of toxins, reduction of food and congestion of the connective tissue., Which loses its elasticity and becomes fibrous. Those cellulite areas become at this point, regions and inert non-reactive, while remaining indifferent to the exercise and dieting more drastic. Because of hormonal fluctuations and the different location of the fat women respond very differently than men to diet and physical activity. For example, women hold the liquid, while the men no.Nelle deep layers of fat women's meet diet and exercise, while the surface is changed only by hormonal changes. Alterations of capillary blood circulation and lymph cause fluid retention that causes the irregularities of the skin called cellulite. Certainly diet and exercise improve this state of things, but not enough. A real revolution has occurred in the treatment of cellulite with Endermologie TM method.
From clinical point of view, the cellulite is presented in three different forms that can coexist in the same woman: swollen, firm and soft.
The edematous
is characterized by a particularly circulatory compromise that alters the functions metabolic exchange and cell reproduction. In this situation, the elimination of metabolic toxins and is lacking and the histological picture shows the suffering. Granulation is palpable in the deep layers, the skin plication than one centimeter in thickness and the squeezing of the fabric causes a lot of pain. The cast skin makes visible the state of laxity of the connective. Adipocytes increase the volume of fat tissue and produce a strong increase in stickiness and the fat is to be broken up and organized the first cellulite nodules on the surface is highlighted by the appearance of "orange peel". The blood and lymphatic circulation is weak and inadequate and cause a cold infiltration, apparent veins and capillaries, swelling and heaviness, cramping, tingling and mania. With these symptoms stadium cellulite can be considered rare serious.
Cellulite is a compact
training very adherent to the deep skin layers, polymerization causes a thickening and thickening of the basic substance to form a hard gelatin which tends to diminish before the circulatory surface, then the deep, making tissue very tense, as if glued to the deep muscle planes. The compact cellulite is typical of young women who have a hereditary predisposition tion or taking the pill trigger for this change. Plication not folded, the cast skin does not cause depression, causes extreme tension of the tissues. Increases the roughness to the alteration of the superficial microcirculation compromise. The nerve endings are damaged so the palpation causes pain. The location is typical, and formed the famous outboard bearings thigh high, called "trailer de cheval". The infiltration takes all the inner and outer thigh and when the alteration is very compromised the calf and ankle. The tension of the fabric and the hormonal status may cause stretch marks that are positioned vertically or horizontally depending on the type of alteration hormone itself. Treatment is focused on di fango, bendaggi con elettroterapia, per le loro proprietà lipolitiche, antiedematose e depurative, di nor-malizzazione dei tessuti, di ossigenazione, si ristabilizza l’equilibrio lipidico e circolatorio che normalizza la situazione di sofferenza che causa tensione e cellulite ai tessuti, massaggio per le sue azioni modellanti e tonificanti ed è un ottimo supporto di benessere.
È consigliabile un controllo ormonale e ovario e l’astensione dalla pillola, praticare movimento fisico molto mirato, ridurre il fumo e l’assunzione di alimenti ricchi di acidi grassi insaturi.
La cellulite molla
È il risultato finale di un processo fisiologico trascurato; si creano macronoduli costituiti da capsule di grasso ingabbiate in un tessuto duro, fibroso e sclerotizzato. Si formano così fasci di fibre connettivali fittamente stipate che si attaccano sia ai tessuti sottostanti, sia a quelli sovrastanti. In questa situazione si evidenzia una grave degenerazione del tessuto connettivo, l’acqua e i liquidi interstiziali di nutrimento mancano e il tessuto si sclorotizza, diventando fortemente flaccido e sofferente. Questo aspetto corrisponde alla cellulite molle che si osserva frequentemente nelle donne di una certa età. La situazione circolatoria è molto danneggiata, per cui l’infiltrato è freddo e si proiettano frequentemente vene e varici nei piani superficiali. La plicatura è molto voluminosa per la lassità dei tessuti e il calco cutaneo remains deep. Tenderness to palpation is not always present and is in line with the damage the circulatory system. Stretch marks are caused by the rupture of the fibers of the lack of support for regeneration and for the poor production of collagen and elastin, which are also reflected deficiencies wavy appearance of the skin. The location of the soft cellulite is almost always highlighted in the lower body, but in cases of generalized obesity can be found throughout the body. The treatment is certainly one of the most challenging and requires absolute consistency and diligence in its development to achieve significant results. Treatment is chosen according to the functional aesthetic problem of the subject, that should be checked often in weight and measures. Good nutrition and physical exercise are a fundamental support to achieve good results but also for their maintenance.

lymphedema and swollen legs
The problem of lymphedema (or swollen legs) is a condition of the limbs in which there is a fluid build-up mainly due to a change in the return of the sap as can happen after surgery lymph nodes or primary disease of the lymphatic vessels. This phenomenon is also evident in the early stages of venous insufficiency or LPG Endermologie cronica.Mediante technique that leads to traction on the tissues results in a resorption fluid and large proteins with a reduction in the swelling of the limb.

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Liver cirrhosis Hepatitis C protein blocked by EWI Hepatitis A graph-2wint

Un'articolo pubblicato sulla rivista scientifica statunitense Plos One di aprile 2008 rivela la scoperta di una proteina, denominata EWI-2wint, in grado di bloccare la penetrazione del virus dell'epatite C inside the cells.
The study concludes with the statement "In conclusion, our observation provides a basis for the rational design of new antiviral molecules. Furthermore, it represents a new mechanism that contributes to the regulation of entry of a pathogen into a host cell."
This discovery, made by a team of French - American, is a step forward to resolve the problem in the long run.
Unfortunately, there is currently a vaccine available to prevent new infections and the current treatments are not fully effective. It illustrates the urgent need for new therapeutic strategies because the infection is a global public health problem, which affecting over 130 million people worldwide, including its symptoms chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.